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PHONETIC AND PHONOLOGY
Before
you study the phonetics of English , or in fact of any other language
,you need first to understand what is meant by the term phonetics and
understand the defference between the two related words PHONETICS and
PHONOLOGY
PHONETIC
The word
phonetics comes from the greek word PHONE which stand for SOUND or
VOICE .Usually used with a singular verb ,it refers to the branch of
languistics that deals with sounds of speech and their production ,
description and representation by written symbols .This representation
is usually refrred to as the phonetic TRANSCRIPTION in which systems
of phonetic writing are provided and aim at the accurate representation
of any sequence of speech sounds .
INTERNATIONAL PHONETIC ALPHABET (I.P.A
These
systems attempt to facilitate the process of language learning
,especially the foreing one, In this context ,a unifom system has been
put forward that caters for almost all possible sequences of human
speech sounds .This system is known as the International Phonetics
Alphabet (IPA) where human speech sounds are represented by specific
symbols .ALL IPA symbols are enclosed in slashes to indicate that the
transcription is phonetic rather than representative of a particular
language . Phonetics also refers to the system of sounds of a particular
language.
BRANCHES OF PHONETICS
phonetics has three main branches.
ARTICULARY
PHONETICS is concerned with the positions and movements of the speech
organs such as the lips and the tongue in producing sounds
ACOUSTIC PHONETICS is concerned with the phisical properties of the sound waves
AUDITORY PHONETICS is concerned with the perception of the speech sounds or the effect on the ear .
PHONOLOGY
The
term phonology is derived from the GREEK words ;phone; which stands for
;sound; 'voice' and 'logos' which means 'word' 'speech' .It refers to
the study of speech sounds in languages or in a language with reference
to their distribution and pattering and to tacit rules governing
pronunciation .It also refers to the system of a language .In other
words .phonology attempts to account for how speech sounds are combined
.organized and conveny meaning in particular languages .
In
addition ,combination of sounds vary widely from one language to another
.The combination 'KT' at the begining of a word ,for exemple ,would be
impossible in some languages but is unexceptional in GREEK. so, whereas
phonetics deals with the nature of sounds per se , phonology describes
the way sound function within givin language
